Footwear

• shoes

• dress shoes (= formal shoes)

• sandals

• house slippers

• thongs (U.S. = 'flip-flops')

• gym boots (sneakers)

• dancing shoes

• martial arts slippers

• sports shoes – football, golf, track & field

• work boots

• rain boots

• fur-lined winter boots

• high-heels

• platform shoes

Hats

• baseball caps

• ‘cowboy hats’

• straw hats

• Panama hats

• Stetson hats

• Arctic weather hats

• cloth (toweling) hats

• berets

• fur hats

• Chinese ‘coolie’ hats

• woolen ‘beanies’

• ski masks

• hard hats (safety hats)

• motorcycle helmets

Other Clothing.m4a

Other

• baby clothes

• underwear  

• pyjamas (U.S. = pajamas)

• a dressing gown

• a raincoat

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7. Electrical & Electronic Appliances

Electrical & Electronic Appliances 1.m4a

Home Appliances

• Refrigerator

• Microwave oven

• Electric stove

• Rice cooker  

• Coffee maker

• Toaster

• Blender/food mixer

• Washing machine

• Clothes dryer

• Electric Iron

• Air conditioner

• Electric heater (radiator)  

• Humidifier

• Electric fan  

• Kitchen exhaust fan (above the stove)

• Vacuum cleaner

• Electric shaver

• Electric toothbrush

• Hairdryer

• Reading lamp

• Electric drill

• Electric sewing machine

• Remote control devices, such as for a TV or an air conditioner

• A battery charger

• A voltage adapter

Entertainment

• DVD/ VCD player

• Television

• Radio

• CD player

• Tape player/tape recorder (cassette player/recorder)

• Stereo system  

• Speaker(s)

• A headset, a set of headphones, a pair of headphones, a pair of earphones

• A microphone (for making recordings on the computer)

• Walkman

• An MP4 player

• An Ipod

• Karaoke machine

Electrical & Electronic Appliances 2.m4a

Communication

• Telephone

• Cell-phone (= mobile phone)

• Message machine (Answering machine)

• Fax machine

Computer Appliances

• Computer (including laptop computer = notebook computer)

• Monitor

• Scanner

• Printer

Office

• Fax machine

• Photocopy machine (photocopier)

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8. Methods of Storing Memories

Methods of Storing Memories.m4a

• Photographs (in a photo album)  

• Photographs (stored as digital photos on a computer or an electronic storage device)

• Diaries

• Videos

• Tape recordings

• Keeping old letters

• Storing emails

• Making backup CD's of digital photos, videos, audio recordings, written documents, scanned documents etc.

• Keeping souvenirs and mementos

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9. Things That Some People Collect (as a hobby)

• Stamps

• Coins

• Sports cards

• Rocks

• Shells

• Butterflies/Insects

• Antiques

• Art (paintings, calligraphy etc.)

• Comics, magazines, old books

• CD’s (music)

• DVD’s (films)

• Postcards

• Dolls

• Models (model cars, model trains, model ships, model planes etc.)

• Matchboxes

• Cigarette packs

• Beer cans

• Items with a special motif (eg., toys, models & pictures of dogs, cats or horses etc.)

• Telephone cards

• Souvenirs of places visited

Things that People "Collect" (= keep) (not as a hobby but for future use)

• Books, especially reference books or special interest books

Things That People "Collect" (= keep) (not as a hobby but usually for recycling purposes or reuse in the home)

• newspapers and magazines

• glass bottles

• plastic bottles

• plastic bags

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10. Environmental Problems

See here for my personal opinion on the topic of "man-made global warming" (written in more advanced English)

The Problems

• pollution: air pollution, water pollution (including oceanic pollution), soil pollution, (noise pollution) 

• genetic damage

• cancer

• species loss

• deforestation

• desertification

• soil salinification (= to make the soil salty)

• waste disposal

• water shortages

• plastics (in the ocean), to break down (= to decompose)

• particulates in the air (e.g., soot from burning coal)

• natural (different pronunciation to “nature”)

• a lack of awareness

Other Related Vocabulary

Pollution

• a pollutant

• fertilizer

• factory waste 

• effluent (n) = the discharge of waste water

• rivers and streams

• heavy metals

• sulphur dioxide

• "fossil" fuels (oil is not really from fossils)

• to emit dirty exhaust (vehicles)

• hydrogen-powered vehicles

• electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles

• wind power, solar power, solar cells

• vehicle exhaust (especially diesel-powered vehicles)

• the atmosphere

• "the air we breathe"

• a power station

• power generation, to generate electricity

• nuclear waste

• toxic

• industrialization, to industrialize

• chemical industries, manufacturing industries

• "the heavy metals" (e.g., from discarded electronic products) such as lead, mercury and cadmium

• fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides

• farm run-off (including rainfall run-off from farms into streams and rivers)

• algae, "algal bloom" If you use that term in the speaking test, make sure you say it clearly and you will probably need to quickly explain what it means because many examiners might not be familiar with this term. See - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algal_bloom

• pharmaceutical drugs in the water (excreted by humans and animals)

        Water Shortage

• water conservation

• recycling

• a desalination plant

        Waste Disposal

• waste (noun)

• garbage, rubbish, trash, household waste

• human and animal waste

• sewerage

• recycling

• incineration

• landfill

• degrade, decompose

• biodegradable

        Desertification

• sand storms (dust storms)

• overgrazing

• goats (a major cause of desertification)

• land clearance

• grasslands

• reforestation, replanting

• land regeneration

        Species Loss

• habitat loss

• poaching

• the ecology

• the ecological balance

• genetic diversity

• genes; genetic engineering

• natural compounds (from living organisms)

• medicinal uses

• genetically produced medicines (from the use of the genes of other species)

• improved/higher food production (from the use of original crop genes)

• natural resources

• conservation of natural resources

• a national park

• environmental protection

• sustainable development

        Soil Salinification (= the farmland becoming salty as a result of the water table rising to the surface)

• the water table

        Recycling

Useful vocabulary and information can be seen and heard in some BBC videos. Below are three of them. If you cannot get BBC, I have the audio files available, which are used as radio programs. I also have some rather poor-quality silent copies of the videos. Surprisingly, the (written) text that is shown in those silent videos is all you need!

After watching these videos you might be envious of my surname, "Green". :)  Or not. (Please never say "carbon footprint".)

My copies of these files might be a little slow to download.

+++++++

https://www.bbc.com/news/av/magazine-39886798/clothes-you-can-throw-away-guilt-free

BIODEGRADABLE_CLOTHES.mp4  (VIDEO ONLY - NO SOUND)

BIODEGRADABLE_CLOTHES.mp3  (AUDIO ONLY - NO VIDEO)

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https://www.bbc.com/news/av/magazine-40190007/the-woman-who-wants-you-to-rent-used-baby-clothes

BABY_CLOTHES_DENMARK.mp4    (VIDEO ONLY - NO SOUND)

BABY_CLOTHES_DENMARK.mp3    (AUDIO ONLY - NO VIDEO)

+++++++

https://www.bbc.com/news/av/stories-47043701/the-shopping-mall-in-sweden-where-everything-is-recycled

SWEDISH_SHOPPING_MALL.mp4    (VIDEO ONLY - NO SOUND)

SWEDISH_SHOPPING_MALL.mp3     (AUDIO ONLY - NO VIDEO)

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11. Housework

• washing the dishes

• sweeping the floor

• mopping the floor

• making the beds

• preparing meals

• washing vegetables

• cooking

• setting the table (for a meal)

• ironing

• dusting

• taking out the garbage

• doing the laundry (washing clothes)

• tidying up / putting things where they belong

• shopping for groceries and other household supplies

• cleaning: